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Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

 

 

TSE/Prion Biology

 

 

ANIMAL TSEs

 

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)

Host: mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk, moose

Experimentally transmitted to: cattle, sheep, squirrel monkey, ferret, mink, goat, Syrian golden hamster, Chinese hamster, Siberian hamster, Armenian hamster, transgenic mouse

Strains: undetermined (may be at least two strains per Raymond, et al. 2007)

Human pathogen: unknown (no confirmed cases)

Biosafety Level: 2

 

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, Mad Cow Disease) 

Host: cattle (and various zoo animals: cheetah, puma, lion, tiger, ocelot, zebu, American bison, ankole, kudu, eland, arabian oryx, scimitar horned oryx, nyala, and gemsbok)

Experimentally transmitted to: sheep, goat, mouse, cynomolgus macaque, pig, mink

Strains: BSE (typical), H-Type, L-Type (BASE)

Human pathogen: yes

Biosafety Level: 3

 

Scrapie

Host: sheep, goat, moufflon

Experimentally transmitted to: cattle, elk, capuchin, spider monkey, squirrel monkey, cynomolgus macaque, rhesus monkey, gerbil, hamster, mink, mouse, rat, vole

Strains: 22L, 139A, 79A, ME7, 22C, 301C, 22F, 87A, 22H, 79V, 301V, 22A, 87V, 111A, 34W, Nor98

Human pathogen: unknown (no confirmed cases)

Biosafety Level: 2

 

Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy (TME)

Host: mink

Experimentally transmitted to: cattle, squirrel monkey, rhesus monkey, stump-tailed macaque, ferret, goat, hamster, opossum, raccoon, sheep, skunk, sable, marten

Strains: HY, DY

Biosafety Level: 2

 

Feline Spongiform Encephalopathy (FSE)

Host: domestic cat

 

 

HUMAN TSEs

 

Kuru

Host: human

Experimentally transmitted to: mink, ferret, squirrel monkey, chimpanzee, gibbon, capuchin, marmoset, spider monkey, woolly monkey, African green monkey, bonnet monkey, cynomolgus macaque, mangabey, rhesus monkey, pig-tailed macaque

 

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD, sCJD)

Host: human

Experimentally transmitted to: guinea pig, cat, ferret, hamster, chimpanzee, capuchin, marmoset, spider monkey, squirrel monkey, woolly monkey, African green monkey, bushbaby, cynomolgus macaque, mangabey, patas, rhesus monkey, pig-tailed macaque, stump-tailed macaque, goat

 

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD, nvCJD)

Host: human

 

Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS)

Host: human

Experimentally transmitted to: chimpanzee

 

Fatal Familial Insomnia

Host: human

Experimentally transmitted to: chimpanzee